The article presents the results of own research on the prevalence and phenotypic characteristics of premature aging syndrome in women in peri - and postmenopausal periods. The article presents data that against the background of menopausal changes, since the age of 50 years, women have observed the development of premature aging syndrome, which is manifested by an acceleration in the rate of aging at the age of 1.3-1.6 times. Neurohumoral mechanisms in premature aging in the post - and menopausal periods associated with cytokine tension in the form of an increase in serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnf-a), interleukins 1 and 6 are described. Phenotypic characteristics of premature aging of women in the peri - and postmenopausal period are presented: a significant decrease in the strength index with a simultaneous significant increase in the body mass index, fat percentage, subcutaneous and visceral fat area.