Introduction. Drowsiness behind the wheel in the modern world has become a serious problem, this condition makes the driver not only less attentive, but also directly affects the speed of decision-making. The aim of the literature review was to analyze the latest scientific data on the impact of working conditions, the lifestyle of motorists on sleep disturbances, road behavior, and the risk of accidents. Materials and methods. A content analysis, review and synthesis of information on factors associated with sleep, which subsequently may cause an accident, was carried out. Results and discussion. Professional drivers are in special working conditions, nervous and emotional stress, which affect the driver’s body and contribute to the development of various pathological conditions and increase the risk of accidents. Conclusions. The most important drivers sleep disturbance factors are discussed in this article. The data presented are consistent with the results of numerous studies.