The aim is to group the approaches to the processing and analysis of data from the tuberculosis monitoring system in order to ensure the possibility of correct formation and interpretation of the main indicators of tuberculosis monitoring. Methods. The information and analytical method was used. 24 sources of information were studied. Own observations made during monitoring visits to 33 constituent entities of the Russian Federation have been systematized. A structured overview of the main indicators used in phthisiology was compiled. Based on the system analysis, a methodology for the interpretation of indicators is proposed. Recommendations on the use of statistical methods of information processing are given. Results. With the use of the information-analytical method, the use of probabilistic statistics methods in calculating the dynamics of indicators is based, generalized definitions of indicators are given: extensive, intensive, ratio. Generalized methods for calculating the main indicators used in phthisiology have been compiled: indicators of morbidity, mortality, prevalence, recurrence rate, multidrug resistance of mycobacterium tuberculosis, indicators of resource support for anti-tuberculosis work, indicators of the effectiveness of tuberculosis case detection, etiological diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis patients (as with using cohort methods and indicators traditional for Russia). Methods of analysis of indicators are grouped and systematized. Methods of interpretation of indicators are described when conducting a system analysis of the state of tuberculosis care for the population. Conclusion. Adequate indicators for monitoring tuberculosis are formed as a result of the implementation of a complex set of operational procedures, and require strictly standardized recording of examination and treatment results. The obtained indicators require their comprehensive analysis with the obligatory consideration of the structure and functioning of the system for providing anti-tuberculosis care. The final stage of monitoring in phthisiology should be a system analysis that ensures an adequate perception of the magnitude and dynamics of a complex of indicators, and leads to the adoption of management decisions adequate to the current situation.