Gastric cancer is the fifth most common in the world, and accounts for 7.7% of all cancer deaths. The extent of lymphadenectomy performed alongside gastric resection has been the subject of debate for decades. The aim of the study was to evaluate the therapeutic effectiveness of selective lymphadenectomy of LDE in radical surgery of cancer of the proximal stomach. Material and methods. The object of the study was the data of 454 patients with cancer of the proximal stomach, who underwent resections of various types in the period 1985 to 2001 inclusive. The study of clinical observations was carried out by comparative analysis of two groups of patients, with two main and control comparable subgroups in each of them. The first control group consisted of patients from 254 patients (55.9%) who underwent resections without "lymphodissection (LDS)", the second, main group included 72 patients (15.8%) who underwent resections with "LDS". The third control group consisted of 64 patients (14.1%) who underwent combined operations without "LDS", and the fourth main group consisted of the same number of patients who underwent combined resections in combination with "LDS". Results. If we talk about the immediate indicators, there was a high frequency of postoperative mortality (19.4 ± 4.7%) after extended resections. After the extended combined operations began to be performed on the basis of the already accumulated clinical experience of the operative technique, the postoperative mortality decreased to 12.5 ± 4.1%. The five-year survival rate of patients with the second stage of gastric cancer after conventional operations (33.3±6.3%) was lower than after extended radical interventions (53.3±13.3%). The five-year survival rate of patients with stage III proximal gastric cancer after standard operations (16.7±3.2%) was also lower than after extended operations (30.0±8.5%). Whereas, at stage III of the disease, the five-year survival rate in patients who underwent standard operations (14.2±7.8%) was the same as after extended interventions (17.6± 9.5%). After a standard operation with stage IV of the disease, only one patient survived the five-year period. Conclusions:1. Extended LDE is a therapeutic procedure and is accompanied by a more complete removal of regional lymph nodes affected by metastases. After standard resections, lymph node metastases were detected in 49.2±3.1%, after dilated – 84.7±4.2%, after combined – 76.5±5.3% and expanded-combined – 89.0±3.9% of patients. 2. Extended regional LDE in proximal cancer surgery is accompanied by worse immediate and at the same time, encouraging long-term results, in comparison with standard and combined resections. Postoperative mortality after extended and extended combined operations was 19.4±4.7 and 12.5±4.1%, respectively, no significant differences in the total frequency of postoperative complications were revealed - 43.0±5.8 and 40.6±6.1%, respectively. The five–year survival rate, respectively, was 31.7±5.9 and 20.7±5.6% of patients. The overall five-year survival rate for cancer of the proximal stomach was 22.9%. 3. Extended LDE significantly improves the survival rate of patients with stages II and III of cancer, and has no advantages with cancer of lesser or greater prevalence. In stages III and IV of the disease, extended and extended-combined operations do not solve the problem of distant metastasis and are ineffective as an isolated surgical method. 4. Extended operations increase the five-year survival rate of patients with stages II and III of cancer by 20.0 and 13.3%, respectively, in comparison with simple operations. Advanced combined operations at stage III increased by 8.0% compared to combined resections.