Summary. Socially significant diseases represent a major societal challenge. Reducing human contact and mass events in the context of an emerging COVID-19 pandemic may contribute to their reduction. Purpose of the study. To study the situation on such socially significant diseases as tuberculosis, alcoholism and alcoholic psychosis, drug addiction and syphilis among the rural population of the Far Eastern Federal District. Material and methods. The data of the federal statistical observation form No. 12 "Information on the number of diseases registered in patients residing in the territory of service of a medical organization" for the Russian Federation, the Far Eastern Federal District (FEFD) and its subjects for the period from 2015 to 2021 were used. The following methods were used in data processing: statistical (descriptive statistics), analytical method, descriptive statistics, comparative retrospective analysis, spreadsheets were performed in the programs "MSOffice Excel 2007" and Statistica10. The results of the study showed that the primary incidence of tuberculosis among the rural population of the Far Eastern Federal District, as well as in the country as a whole, decreased by 1.9 times during the study period, alcoholism and alcoholic psychoses - by 1.18 and 1.68 times, drug addiction - by 1.17 and 1.3 times, syphilis - by 5.08 and 2.52 times, respectively. Socially significant diseases such as tuberculosis, alcoholism and alcoholic psychosis, drug addiction and syphilis in pandemic conditions had multidirectional trends. The obtained data indicate the need for continuous monitoring of morbidity and regional peculiarities of their spread, which will allow timely development and implementation of preventive measures. Conclusion. It has been established that despite the existing downward trend, the incidence rates of tuberculosis, alcoholism and alcoholic psychosis remain at a high level. The pandemic of the new coronavirus infection Covid-19 did not have a significant impact on the level of socially significant diseases.