Relevance. Increased attention to the early detection and prevention of cancer is due to the high prevalence of this pathology among the population, the steady trend of increasing incidence throughout the world and the high mortality rate of the population of all age groups. Economic losses from malignant neoplasms are due to the high cost of treatment, preventive and rehabilitation measures, long-term, often irreversible loss of ability to work, and significant costs for social security and insurance. All this determines the special importance of both primary prevention of malignant neoplasms, aimed at identifying and eliminating etiological factors, and secondary, aimed at early detection of malignant neoplasms for timely treatment of patients. Goal: based on a comprehensive study of the state of cancer care in the Voronezh region, to develop proposals for the development and improvement of the organization of prevention and early detection of cancer. Materials and methods of research. Based on official statistics, the incidence rates of malignant neoplasms, the structure of primary morbidity, mortality from malignant neoplasms, indicators of late diagnosis and visual neglect were analyzed, and an analysis of the activities of the oncological service of the Voronezh region for 2010-2022 was carried out. The supply of oncologists, the provision of oncology beds and the assessment of their work were studied. Results. The article presents an analysis of the dynamics of morbidity and mortality of the population of the Voronezh region from malignant neoplasms. An attempt was made to analyze the reasons for the increase or decrease in morbidity and mortality from certain forms of cancer. To reduce these indicators, it is necessary to carry out preventive measures to identify predisposition to diseases, as well as use diagnostic methods to identify the disease in the early stages. Conclusion. Based on the analysis and data obtained, a new organizational technology for the early detection of cancer was developed and tested, its effectiveness was determined and the feasibility of implementation was justified. Also in the study, specific organizational measures were developed and presented aimed at improving the prevention and early diagnosis of malignant neoplasms, including the interaction of the general medical network and the oncology service. The complex of proposed and implemented measures made it possible to achieve a significant increase in the detection of cancer pathology in the early stages and a decrease in one-year mortality and mortality in this population.