Introduction. Medical education has undergone numerous changes over several centuries, and continues to improve to this day, taking into account past experience. The aim of the work is to study the stages of the evolution of domestic medical education from Peter's reforms to the use of simulation technologies. Materials and methods. The materials were searched in the database "Pubmed" and "CyberLeninka". Results and discussion. At the beginning of the XVIII century, the reforms of Peter I laid the foundation for medical education. The beginning of the XIX century is characterized by the formation of the state system of organization of higher educational institutions, in particular medical ones. By the end of the XIX century, a very important event took place - the opening of the first women's medical institute in St. Petersburg. In the 2nd half of the XIX century, the Medical Academy of postgraduate education was opened, as well as the first Clinical Institute. On December 30, 1922, a new state was formed – the USSR. The Soviet government paid great attention to the quality and accessibility of medical education. Residency and postgraduate studies were introduced into the program. During the Great Patriotic War, the educational process in universities did not stop, the front was provided with doctors and nurses. After the "Iron Curtain" came down in the middle of the XX century, Soviet citizens found themselves isolated. At that time, the system of medical education "at the bedside" prevailed. Medical education of the XXI century, while maintaining the traditional model, differs significantly from past centuries. Simulation training and distance learning technologies are being actively introduced into the program. Studies have shown that they are a good source for obtaining additional information and consolidating knowledge. Since 2016, a new stage in medical education has been coming. Continuous medical education is being introduced - the transition from the certification procedure to the accreditation of medical specialists. Conclusion. We can safely say that medical education in Russia has undergone a significant evolution: from the first medical schools to the introduction of completely new directions into the curriculum – simulation and distance learning technologies.