Introduction (relevance). A promising direction in tobacco control is work with young people, whose health promotion largely determines the health of the population and is an "indicator" of social and economic well-being. Strict bans on tobacco use and the availability of e-cigarettes are currently regulated, along with marketing (Law No. 178-FZ of 28.04.2023). The use of vaping brings smokers together in groups. Health protection of children is aimed at preserving the well-being of the population and increasing the material and moral status of the state. Аim: to determine the level of awareness among schoolchildren about the criteria for assessing a healthy lifestyle by studying the frequency of vaping, the average age of the first try of vaping and their dependence on social conditions and to identify the pattern of the influence of the environment on the reasons for starting to use vaping. Materials and Methods. In April 2023, a one-time online observational study was conducted based on the results of an anonymous voluntary survey of 161 schoolchildren, of which 60 were schoolchildren from an urban village school (PGT) and 101 students from a lyceum in the city of Yekaterinburg. The average age was 15 ± 0.1. The study was approved at a meeting of the local ethics committee of the Ural State Medical University of the Russian Ministry of Health (protocol No. 5 of June 26, 2020). School administrations agreed to conduct a survey among high school students. Results. According to the survey, 85% of students at the PGT school have an idea about vaping, among whom 27.4% learned about it from friends outside the school, 25.4% from school friends, and at the lyceum in the city of Yekaterinburg 93.1%, respectively. The number of friends using hover systems in the PGT school was 66.7%, in the lyceum 48.9% of students (p