The relevance of this study is due to the need to solve the problems of providing medical personnel for rural healthcare in order to increase the availability and quality of medical care for the population. Goal: identification of resources and identification of risks for the formation of human resources in medical organizations in rural areas. Materials and methods. The work studied and analyzed the literature sources of domestic authors on the personnel problem in healthcare, as well as regulatory documents on the topic of research. To assess the state of health care staffing in the Voronezh region, data from statistical accounting forms No. 17, No. 30 were used. Using the method of comparative analysis, a study was carried out of indicators of the supply of medical personnel and staffing of medical positions in medical organizations of the Voronezh region, the main indicators of the activities of medical organizations in rural areas of the region. In order to study the factors contributing to the attraction of young specialists to medical organizations in rural areas, an anonymous online survey was conducted. To process the data obtained, sociological, analytical and statistical methods were used. Results. The Voronezh region has a satisfactory level of provision with medical workers, but they are unevenly distributed throughout the region. The shortage of personnel is more pronounced in rural areas. The Voronezh region, as well as most regions of the Russian Federation, is characterized by unfavorable trends in the provision of medical personnel: staffing levels are decreasing, the proportion of people of retirement age is growing, and the influx of young specialists is decreasing. Graduates of medical universities have a low level of attractiveness and prestige of rural settlements, associated primarily with the low quality and standard of living, the lack of prerequisites for the implementation of life plans, professional growth and development. Discussions. The study made it possible to provide objective information about the state of provision of health care institutions with medical personnel and the reasons for understaffing in rural areas. The results of assessing the socio-demographic and professional qualification parameters of medical personnel made it possible to propose measures aimed at preserving the personnel potential of the service, improving the conditions for the professional training of doctors and creating an effective career guidance system at the regional level. The subjective assessment of graduates of medical universities is of important practical importance, which made it possible to identify “weak points” and take them into account when forming the personnel policy of the region. Conclusion. Recommendations for solving the problem of continuous professional development of medical personnel are proposed. The findings of the study can be used in the formation of effective personnel policies aimed at proactively predicting the process of their reproduction in the healthcare system.