This article discusses the features of the innervation of the gastrointestinal tract and the distal parts of the colon. Based on the accumulated results of research carried out recently by scientists of various branches of science, focuses on the relationship between physiology and human psychology. Discusses the influence of the microbiota of human behavioral characteristics. Discusses the ability of bacteria to incorporate their genes into the human genome, thereby determining its innate experience, the ability to exert influence on the human perception of the surrounding world and manifestations of the individual in the environment. Imposed assumption about the difference in the transmission of nerve signals from various parts of the gastrointestinal tract via the vagus nerve and the spinal cord. Offers a hypothesis about the functional distinction of enteral and spinal cord.