Introduction. Any disease or injury to the hands leads to limitations in a person’s daily life. Treatment of such diseases is a serious and important task. In the Russian Federation, the issue of providing care to patients with hand diseases is quite acute. There is a lack of data on the prevalence of hand pathologies and significant epidemiological studies. It is better to consider how an outpatient hand surgery center should function using the example of countries with a developed healthcare system. The aim of the study is to analyze the world experience of various countries in the field of organizing medical care for patients with hand diseases, to study possible directions for development in our country. Materials and methods. An analysis was carried out of data from international studies from 1997 to 2023 on hand surgery, work organization and treatment outcomes for patients with hand diseases in an outpatient setting. Materials were collected from bibliographic (Scopus, Pubmed, etc.) and dissertation databases. Results. In most Western European countries, Great Britain and the United States of America (USA), hand surgery is not identified as a separate specialty. Help for this category of patients is provided in hand surgery centers or specialized departments of large public medical institutions, as well as in private medical centers. Since the 80s of the last century, there has been a rapid growth in outpatient care for patients with hand diseases, which has reduced the length of stay in medical institutions, increased patient satisfaction from the provision of care and minimized health care costs for its provision. But from the point of view of clinical technologies, there is no unity in approaches to their use. Discussion. In comparison with the experience of foreign colleagues, in the Russian Federation, as well as in many Western European countries, there is no separate specialty of hand surgeon. Despite the fact that currently in our country there is a system for organizing medical care for patients with injuries and diseases of the hand, the latest treatment technologies are used, their effectiveness is still insufficient. Conclusions. An analysis of the international practice of providing specialized care to patients with hand diseases has shown that in order to develop the specialty of hand surgery, foreign countries are striving to follow the path of minimizing healthcare costs by introducing into clinical practice evidence-based recommendations for the management of patients with such diseases and the formation of outpatient care services.