Introduction. Falls and cognitive impairment are geriatric syndromes that lead to a decrease in quality of life, increasing the need for care, the percentage of disability, hospitalization, mortality and have enormous medical and social significance. Aim: to analyze the relationship between the number of falls and cognitive function in older adults. Materials and methods. The study included 230 elderly people (68.47±4.23 years old), who were divided into 3 groups according to the number of falls in the previous year: a group without falls (there were no falls), single falls (one fall), multiple falls (there were two or more falls). All participants underwent collection of complaints, medical history, and assessment of cognitive status (MMSE, CERAD-NP, BCSB, CAMDEX, Digit span test tests). Results. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that multiple falls were significantly associated with lower scores on the CERAD-NP word list (OR = 0.92; 95% CI 0.86–0.98; p = 0.01), constructive praxis CERAD-NP (OR = 0.88; 95% CI 0.79–0.98; p = 0.02), BCSB Shape List Memory (OR = 0.94; 95% CI 0.89–0.99; p = 0.02) and in verbal fluency (OR = 0.89; 95% CI 0.81–0.97; p = 0.01) compared with those without falls. Multiple falls were significantly associated with lower scores on the CERAD-NP word list (OR = 0.89; 95% CI 0.82–0.96; p = 0.01), CERAD-NP constructive praxis (OR = 0.87; 95% CI 0.76–1.00; p = 0.05), on memory for the BCSB figure list (OR = 0.93; 95% CI 0.87–1.00; p = 0.05) and verbal fluency (OR = 0.87; 95% CI 0.77–0.98; p = 0.02) compared with single falls. Conclusions. Cognitive impairment, especially in the memory and executive function, may influence the occurrence of recurrent falls.