Introduction. According to the forecasts of the World Health Organization (WHO), by 2045, the number of new cancer cases registered annually in the world will increase to 32.6 million and will become the main cause of morbidity and mortality in all regions of the world. The current level of clinical and applied oncology allows us to develop effective ways to combat cancer, which, by reducing the impact of risk factors, contribute to the prevention of up to 1/3 of tumors. In the Russian Federation, various programs are being implemented at the national level, focused on the formation of physiologically correct behaviors, which helps to reduce the impact on the population of epidemiological risk factors for the development of malignant neoplasms (ZNO) of various localizations. However, the ongoing anti-cancer measures do not take into account that the oncoepidemiological burden in the regions of the country is very diverse and is associated with the impact of oncological risk factors, unfavorable demographic processes, which requires constant study. The purpose: to develop a regional oncoepidemiological panel of morbidity trends in acute respiratory infections of various localizations to determine the main directions of the primary cancer prevention program using the example of the Samara region. Materials and methods. The study included a sample of 170,590 patients with ZNO registered in the Samara Cancer Registry in the period from 2012 to 2022. Trends in morbidity rates were analyzed in general for all ZNO, excluding non-melanoma skin cancer, as well as separately in the context of localizations. The process of studying the incidence consisted of three stages: analysis of the structure of very common, frequent, rare and very rare diseases; analysis of the trend of "rough" and age-and-gender indicators; analysis of the structural components of the "absolute increase in morbidity" associated with increased exposure to epidemiological risk factors and/or unfavorable demographic trends. The results and discussions. In the period 2012-2022, there was an increase in the incidence of ZNO in the Samara region, which was caused not only by unfavorable demographic trends associated with aging and depopulation of the population, but also by additional exposure to epidemiological risk factors, especially among women. In addition to the increase in morbidity in older age groups, there was a significant increase in the number of cancer patients among the working-age population aged 30-39 years, 40-49 years, and among men - and at the age of 0-29 years. The tendency of morbidity growth was registered in 25 localities of ZNO: in 8 of them, the increase was associated with the processes of aging and depopulation of the population, in one localization of ZNO – only with aging, in 10 - with increased exposure to epidemiological risk factors, in 5 - the causes of the increase in morbidity were associated equally with both risk factors and aging and depopulation, and with the same localization, it is associated with risk factors and the aging process of the population. Based on the results of the morbidity analysis, a regional panel of oncoepidemiological trends for the period 2012-2022 was formed, which provides brief characteristics of trends in "gross" and age- and-gender indicators of morbidity, causes and factors of their increase (decrease) with recommendations on the expediency of supplementing the national program "Combating oncological diseases in the Samara region" with corrective measures for primary prevention in very common and frequent, rare and very rare malignant neoplasms. Conclusion. The conducted research allows us to scientifically substantiate, concretize and detail a set of measures for primary cancer prevention as one of the directions of the priority (targeted) strategy for further development and improvement of the activities of the regional oncological service of the Samara region.