Relevance: The steady increase in the number of cases of obesity in the Russian Federation poses a serious problem for public health. This pathology not only worsens the physical condition of patients, but also is a risk factor for the development of chronic non-communicable diseases, including the cardiovascular system, musculoskeletal system, oncological diseases, type 2 diabetes mellitus and others, which significantly increases the burden on the healthcare system. Research Objective: to conduct a comprehensive analysis of obesity incidence in the adult population in the Russian Federation Materials and Methods: To conduct the study, federal statistical observation forms No. 12 "Information on the number of diseases registered in patients living in the service area of a medical organization" (hereinafter referred to as FFSN 12) and No. 14 "Information on the activities of departments of a medical organization providing medical care in inpatient settings" (hereinafter referred to as FFSN 14) for the Russian Federation were used Federation. Descriptive statistics methods were used in the processing and analysis of the material. Results. In general, over the period 2017-2022, the number of reported cases of obesity and the number of reported cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus (hereinafter referred to as type 2 diabetes) among the adult population (18 and over) in the Russian Federation increased by 9.46% and 12.86%, respectively, which directly reflects the increasing scale of these diseases. Despite the trend towards an increase in the proportion of outpatient follow-up of adult obese patients (2017-2022 by 11.7%), this indicator is insufficient and in 2022 amounted to 50.4% of the number of identified adult obese patients. The proportion of patients admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of "obesity" for emergency indications increased by 9.4% among patients older than working age from 2017 to 2022, which directly reflects the lack of adequate compensation for the condition when providing outpatient medical care. Discussion: The dynamics of the number of reported cases of obesity and the number of reported cases of type 2 diabetes in the Russian Federation in three age groups coincided among the adult population as a whole and people over working age. There is an increase in the number of diseases of obesity and type 2 diabetes, which reflects a global trend and poses certain tasks to combat the spread of obesity and diabetes 2 types for healthcare. At the same time, the low coverage of outpatient follow–up of obese patients, an increase in the proportion of obese patients admitted to the hospital for emergency indications and a high mortality rate of obese patients in the Russian Federation - all this together characterizes the quality of primary health care and specialized medical care for obese patients. Conclusions: Thus, the need has been established to develop a comprehensive strategy aimed at prevention, early diagnosis and effective treatment of obesity to ensure public health and the sustainability of the health system. Further work is needed to prevent obesity and its complications. Drawing up new recommendations and modernizing existing approaches to combat obesity are necessary to improve the epidemiological situation and the quality of medical care for these groups of patients.