Introduction. The quality and comparability of the initial statistical data is the key to an objective analysis of the results of the medical examination of certain groups of the adult population, including its oncological component. The lack of unified methodological approaches to collecting statistical information on the oncological component of the medical examination of the adult population in the subjects of the Russian Federation leads to certain difficulties both in providing and analyzing statistical data. In addition, when analyzing statistical data, it is necessary to take into account the comparability of normative legal acts regulating the procedure for conducting and collecting statistical data on the results of medical examination of the adult population, including its oncological component. Therefore, the study and analysis of both data directly provided by medical organizations and the structure of filling in existing statistical reporting forms can become a tool that significantly affects the effectiveness of. Objective – to study the comparability of statistical data on the detection of malignant neoplasms during the DOGVN in 2021-2023 in the Russian Federation, the North-Western Federal District and its subjects. Materials and methods. The data of the form of industry statistical reporting No. 131/o "Information on preventive medical examination and medical examination of certain groups of the adult population" for 2021-2023, regulatory legal documentation were used. Methods of descriptive statistics, content analysis, and retrospective comparative analysis were used. Results. In 2021-2023, the frequency of cases of malignant neoplasms detected for the first time during medical examination, including at stage I-II in the Russian Federation and the Northwestern Federal District, did not change significantly, however, the proportion of cases of malignant neoplasms detected for the first time at stage I-II has a positive trend. The proportion of persons examined by an oncologist at the II stage of medical examination, out of the total number of persons referred for consultation to an oncologist following the results of the I stage of medical examination (2021-2023) in the Russian Federation and the Northwestern Federal District is 96.4-99.7% and 89.5-99.3%, respectively, in the subjects of the Northwestern Federal District The district has a spread from 0 to 100%. As a result of the study, it is shown that in the Russian Federation and most subjects of the Northwestern Federal District, the number of newly diagnosed diseases or pathological conditions after examination (consultation) by an oncologist is less than the total number of newly diagnosed. Discussion. Our study on the comparability of statistical data from the form of industry statistical reporting No.131/o on newly identified cases of malignant neoplasms in the DOGVN showed that significant discrepancies between the detection of cases of malignant neoplasms according to the results of the DOGVN, in our opinion, are explained by imperfection of statistical tools and weak intersectoral interaction.