Adequate sleep as the most important component of a healthy lifestyle affects all aspects of human life. The role of quality sleep has a full impact on ensuring physical and psycho-emotional well-being. Accordingly, sleep disorders in children and adolescents and related problems are rightly of concern to doctors and the public, and much attention is paid to these issues due to their wide and growing prevalence. The purpose of the study is to: review the literature on deviations and consequences caused by sleep disorders in school-age children and adolescents. Materials and methods: publications of foreign and domestic literature over the past five years devoted to the problem of inadequate sleep in schoolchildren, the consequences of sleep deficiency and prevention issues are reviewed. Research methods: analytical, monographic. Results. Quality sleep, corresponding in duration to age norms, is a significant health factor. The bodies of school-age children are in the process of active development and growth and are in dire need of effective night rest, which sleep provides. Sleep deprivation in children and adolescents is a pressing problem of our time, as it causes serious consequences in the form of somatic and mental disorders. As a result of lack of sleep, the risk of cardiovascular diseases and hypertension, the development of obesity and diabetes increases, and immunity suffers. Lack of sleep negatively affects concentration, memory, leads to faster fatigue during the intensive educational process, which, of course, affects the quality of assimilation of educational material and reduces the effectiveness of school classes and additional education. The latest published studies confirm the close relationship between sleep disorders and the emotional state of a schoolchild, manifested in increased irritability, uncontrollability of emotions, and depressive states. The noted consequences of sleep disorders in children and adolescents require serious attention and specification of health policy in relation to their minimization. Conclusion. The analysis of foreign and domestic sources shows that the consequences of sleep disorders in schoolchildren are transformed into various somatic and psychological conditions of a pathological nature. The obtained data confirm the necessity and validity of a complex intervention aimed at multicomponent impact on the problem of unhealthy sleep in children and adolescents.