Introduction (relevance). In recent years, the world has seen an increased interest in the influence of foods on the formation of the intestinal microbiota. There has been a significant increase in research on the intestinal microflora, which is largely due to the development of molecular biology, genomic analysis, high-throughput sequencing technologies and bioinformatics analysis. These advances have allowed us to better understand the role of a previously ignored “organ”— the gut microflora. One of the new fundamental directions in hygiene - the development of nutrition at the intersection of microbiology and food hygiene - is currently one of the priority areas in the development of preventive medicine. The purpose of this study was to examine open sources in order to form a complete picture of the influence of human eating behavior on the formation of intestinal microbiota. Cited in this review - 34 domestic and foreign sources. Material and methods. To achieve this goal, we used fundamental scientific research methods such as induction, deduction, analysis and synthesis. In the course of the work, we collected and analyzed information on how actual nutrition affects liver microbiota. The effect of prebiotics, probiotics, antibiotics on the species composition of microbiota was assessed. This literature review is based on the education presented in the PubMed, Scopus, Food Science, Technology Abstracts, Google Scholar databases. More than a thousand systematic reviews, meta-analyses, medical studies were analyzed, which described effective problems. We included 34 literary sources in the systematic analysis. Results. This literature review describes the relationship between intestinal microbiota and human nutrition. Exogenous and endogenous factors causing changes in the intestinal microbiota ecosystem are identified. The influence of prebiotics and probiotics during formation and their influence on the formation of nutritional status is described. The key role in human health and its influence on the possible occurrence of non-infectious chronic diseases is established. Conclusion. The analysis of scientific and literary data in this article allowed us to determine and organize the importance of developing nutrition as a multidisciplinary science, the significance of rational nutrition, understanding the intestinal microbiome and the influence of exogenous and endogenous factors on it, and to determine lifestyle determinants that may be involved in the composition of the intestinal microbiota. The presented review lists dietary habits that affect the formation of intestinal microbiota, and also shows their negative impact on human health using some examples.