Introduction: Fear of falling (FF) leads to limited physical and social activity and decreased quality of life. It is a common consequence of falls, but can be present even in those who have not fallen. Aim: to determine factors influencing fear of falling in elderly and old people. Materials and methods: 360 people over 60 years old (mean age 77.3±5.2 years) took part in the study. All respondents had complaints and anamnesis. Frailty status was determined using the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS), FF was measured using the Short Falls Efficacy Scale International (Short FES-I). Results: 60.8% of study participants had high FF, while 21.1% had fallen in the last six months. Among the participants with high FF, there was a statistically significant predominance of elderly people (pld frailty (OR 18.58; 95% CI 4.88–70.34), and moderately frail (OR 144,78; 95% CI 13,86–1512,60). Conclusions: It is necessary to develop personalized treatment and diagnostic programs for the prevention of FF and associated risk factors.