Introduction. Due to the continuing influence of adverse factors of nutrition, the environment, and the social sphere, the incidence of urolithiasis tends to increase. The disease is unique in its manifestations in that even timely removal of stones does not guarantee a cure. Measures to improve medical care cannot be exhaustive without patients observing restrictions that allow effective control of risk factors for stone formation. The purpose of the study: to assess the level of awareness of patients with urolithiasis about the features of prevention and treatment of the disease. Materials and methods. A survey of 380 patients of St. Petersburg polyclinics with urolithiasis was conducted on their awareness of the disease and satisfaction with the medical care received. Extensive and intensive indicators were calculated, and the reliability of their difference was assessed according to the Student's criterion. Results. A low level of awareness of patients about urolithiasis, including its causes, has been established. 31.3% do not know about the diet for the disease, 19.8% do not know about the control of urine acidity, 60.4% experience difficulties with the prescribed diet, 32.4% comply with the water regime, 33.8% are not aware of risk factors. Low awareness forms patients' concern about their health, which is confirmed in 89.9% of cases, accompanied by low activity in carrying out preventive measures – only 35.6% undergo them regularly, low satisfaction with medical care – 54.6%. Discussion. The data obtained from the survey on the low awareness of patients with urolithiasis about risk factors, prevention and treatment of the disease indicate a lack of proper interest of patients in this problem in the absence of proper control by medical organizations, since their responsibility for the organization of management (dispensary supervision) of such patients is currently not defined. The lack of sufficient opportunities for patients to receive information leads to restrictions on the availability of the medical care they require, which creates conditions for insufficient monitoring of their health, as well as creates the risk of non-compliance by medical organizations with key indicators for compliance with established standards and regulations controlled at the regional and federal levels. Conclusion. The identified defects in patient awareness should be taken into account when implementing measures to create a patient-centered model for the organization of medical care for urolithiasis.