Introduction. The Arctic zone of the Russian Federation (AZ RF) is characterized by special climatic conditions, demographic situation and limited transport infrastructure. This complicates the organization of medical care and may affect the effectiveness of the activities under the federal project «Fight against oncological diseases». The aim is to conduct a comparative analysis of the achievement of the targets of the federal project «Fight against oncological diseases» in regions of the AZ RF in 2019-2023. Materials and methods. Using data from the Unified Interdepartmental Information and Statistical System, the temporal changes in the project's target indicators has been studied. The actual indicators in the form of relative values were compared with the target values of the indicators. To evaluate the results, the growth/decrease rate of intensive coefficients and comparative indicators were calculated. Results. There was significant variability in the one-year lethality rate achieved by 2023 in cancer patients. The Republic of Karelia, the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, and the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug reached the targets of regional projects by 2023. All regions, except the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, have achieved the targets in the proportion of patients with malignant neoplasms registered for 5 years or more out of the total number of patients with malignant tumors under medical supervision. The target values for the indicator "the proportion of malignant neoplasms detected in the early stages (I-II)" were achieved in the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, the Nenets Autonomous Okrug and the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug. There was significant variability in the proportion of people with cancer who underwent examination and/or treatment in the current year from among those under medical supervision achieved by 2023, while all regions achieved the regional targets. At the same time, only the Republic of Karelia and the Krasnoyarsk Kraj have reached the target mortality rate from malignant neoplasms. Conclusion The measures provided for by the federal project " Fight against oncological diseases" led to an increase in the effectiveness of diagnosis, follow-up and, as a result, the proportion of cancer patients who have been supervised for 5 years or more, out of the total number of patients with malignancies under medical supervision in the most of Arctic regions of Russia. At the same time, there was a high variability both in the target indicators at the regional level and in the achieved values in 2023 for the one-year mortality of patients with malignant neoplasms and mortality from malignant neoplasms.