Analysis of official statistical reporting for two three-year periods, covering the period from 2011 to 2016. and the comparison of data for 2015-2016. showed that among the children of the first year of life leading pathologies throughout the study remain respiratory diseases, individual conditions that arise in the perinatal period and diseases of the nervous system. An unfavorable factor is the increase in the incidence of infants in the Russian Federation by neoplasms (+ 17,95%), traumas (+45,54%) and orphan diseases (primarily adrenogenital syndrome: + 33,80% and cystic fibrosis: + 87,72%). The regional section for the Federal districts revealed territorial differences in incidence in this age group.