Introduction The impact of various factors on mortality—a key outcome of tuberculosis (TB) treatment and follow-up—requires comprehensive analysis for effective, targeted planning of public health interventions. However, official reports and available publications largely lack data and comparative analysis on causes of death among TB patients. In Moscow, monitoring of all-cause mortality among TB patients is conducted, enabling a detailed analysis of associated factors. Objective To analyze factors associated with death among TB patients according to cause of death: TB-related, HIV-TB (coded in ICD-10 as B20.0 or B20.7), and other causes of death. Materials and Methods An analysis was performed of 4,611 cases of death among TB patients in Moscow in two periods - 2016-2019 and 2020-2023, using data from the TB mortality registry in the TB surveillance system. Non-parametric statistics and multivariate analysis (logistic regression) were applied. Results. The proportions of deaths were as follows: 37.2% due to TB, 33.5% due to HIV-TB, and 29.3% due to other causes. Between 2020 and 2023, the proportion of deaths from other causes increased to 34.0%, which is associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. Multivariate analysis revealed significant differences: patients who died from TB were more likely to be elderly, have chronic forms of TB and cardiovascular diseases, and suffer from alcohol abuse; those who died from HIV/TB were younger, had rapidly progressive forms of TB, and had a history of drug addiction. Discussion The data demonstrate an overall improvement in the TB situation, with a reduction over the past eight years in the absolute number of deaths in all three categories: a 41.7% decrease in TB-related deaths, 36.2% in HIV-TB deaths, and 11.8% in deaths from other causes. Analyzing factors associated with different causes of death helps identify high-risk groups and define priority areas for reducing mortality rates. Conclusion Differentiating causes of death and the availability of a long-term mortality registry enabled a comprehensive analysis of factors influencing death among TB patients. The findings can be used to assess the quality and effectiveness of TB control programs.