Introduction. Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a chronic, progressive disease of the macula and posterior pole of the eye, representing the leading cause of central vision loss among older adults. Large-scale epidemiological studies on AMD have not been conducted in the Russian Federation. Therefore, investigating the incidence rates and structure of AMD is highly relevant. Objective. To analyze the dynamics of incidence rates and the structure of age-related macular degeneration in patients hospitalized in the ophthalmology department of the Orenburg Regional Clinical Hospital named after V.I. Voinov over the past five years. Materials and Methods. Data on the medical activities of the ophthalmology department of the Orenburg Regional Clinical Hospital named after V.I. Voinov were extracted for the period from 2020 to 2024. Data were collected from annual federal statistical observation forms No. 14 and No. 30, as well as from the Unified State Health Information System (EGISZ). The incidence rates and structure of hospitalized patients with age-related macular degeneration were analyzed. Statistical and analytical methods were employed in this study. Results and Discussion. Over the five-year period, the hospitalization rate for age-related macular degeneration fluctuated from a minimum of 11,6 per 100 hospitalizations in the ophthalmology department in 2022 years to a maximum of 15,0 per 100 hospitalizations in 2021 years. The dynamics of medical activity indicators, including the quality of medical care, for patients with AMD were as follows over the five-year period: the average length of hospital stay decreased from 3,1 days in 2020 years to 2,5 days in 2024 years - by 24,0%; surgical activity increased from 97,7 to 100%. In the average multi-year structure of hospitalized patients with AMD, the predominant age was 61 – 70 years (42,9%) and the female gender prevailed (58,2%). Analysis of AMD hospitalizations by place of residence showed that the average multi-year proportion of urban residents was 61.5%. The majority of AMD patients (80.4%) received single-year inpatient treatment at the regional hospital. 12.2% of patients received specialized medical care twice a year, 5.1% three times, 1.1% four times, and 1.2% more than four times. The study results clearly demonstrated that hospitalization in the early stages of the disease and active dynamic monitoring and treatment of patients with AMD are measures against central vision loss among older adults. Conclusions. 1. Based on the medical activities of the ophthalmology department of the Orenburg Regional Clinical Hospital named after V.I. Voinov, a positive trend in the hospitalization rates for patients with age-related macular degeneration was observed (over the five-year period, the number of patients with this ophthalmological pathology increased 1,8 times over five years). 2. Over the five-year observation period, improvements in healthcare quality indicators were noted for patients with AMD, including a 24.0% reduction in average length of stay and the achievement of 100% surgical activity. 3. In the average multi-year (five-year period) structure of hospitalized patients with age-related macular degeneration, the predominant age was 61 - 70 years (42,9%) and the female gender prevailed (58,2%). 4. Urban residents comprised the majority (61.5%) of patients with AMD. 5. Analysis of inpatient treatment frequency for AMD patients indicated that 80.4% were hospitalized only once per year. 6. Timely, sufficiently frequent, and high-quality specialized medical care in inpatient or day hospital settings is crucial for preventing central vision loss among older adults.