Introduction: as the global population ages, the prevalence of age-related diseases and geriatric syndromes is increasing. These include frailty syndrome, sarcopenia, obesity, and sarcopenic obesity (SO). Cognitive and functional status are changing. Objective: to study the relationship between SO, sarcopenia, and obesity with frailty syndrome, as well as cognitive and functional status, in elderly and senile adults. Materials and Methods: the study included 202 patients (mean age 81.10 ± 8.21 years) receiving outpatient medical care. All participants underwent assessment of body mass index (BMI), activities of daily living (Barthel Index), cognitive status (Mini-Mental State Examination, MMSE), handgrip strength, presence of frailty, and fear of falling using the Falls Efficacy Scale International (FES-I). Results: multivariate regression analysis showed that SO was significantly associated with frailty syndrome (Odds Ratio (OR) 4,82; 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 1,41–22,43), decreased daily activity (OR -16,54; 95% CI -24,58 – -8,54), use of transportation (OR 5,75; 95% CI 1,71–27,11), and cognitive impairment (OR 3,54; 95% CI 1,19–11,01); sarcopenia – with frailty syndrome (OR 3,41; 95% CI 1,60–7,62), decreased daily activity (OR -11,50; 95% CI -16,92 – -6,01), use of transportation (OR 3,34; 95% CI 1,63–7,43), but not with cognitive impairment. Obesity itself is not associated with the analyzed factors. Conclusions: sarcopenic obesity poses a higher risk of developing frailty syndrome, cognitive impairment, decreased daily activity, and decreased mobility compared to sarcopenia or obesity alone.