Introduction. When studying health of working citizens, sickness absence is one of the most important indicators to be considered. Achievement of the national goal of reducing related losses determines the importance of studying the incidence in the working population in the post-pandemic era. The study aims to establish sex and age specifics of cancer-related workplace absenteeism in the Russian Federation in the post-pandemic year. Materials and methods. Based on data of the Russian statistical form 16-VN, we calculated cancer-related sickness absence rates for the employed population and compared those between the pre-pandemic period of 2015 to 2019 and2023 by sex and 5-year age groups. We also established growth rates in 2023 against the pre-pandemic time span. To assess the statistical significance of differences, we calculated the means and confidence intervals (CI) for the rates observed in 2015–2019. Results. For both sexes, the number of sickness absence days per 100 employed population was statistically higher in 2023 compared to 2015–2019. A similar result was obtained for the days of sick leave due to cancer in almost all 5-year age cohorts. At the same time, the mean duration of a post-pandemic episode of cancer-related sickness absence was significantly shorter than the pre-pandemic one. Discussion. Sickness absence rates in women were higher than in men, which might be attributed to their more responsible health attitude. The observed decrease in the mean sick leave duration for both sexes against the increase in the number of days of sickness absence per 100 employed population might be related to a higher proportion of early diagnosed cancer cases. The highest growth rates in the number of episodes per 100 employed men aged 15–19, 20–24, and 25–29 might be explained by their increased care seeking. Conclusions. Our findings demonstrate a significant growth in cancer-related sickness absence rates in the Russian Federation after the COVID-19 pandemic having pronounced age and sex patterns. Health authorities are advised to pay attention to young workers when conducting medical examinations.