Научно-практический рецензируемый журнал
"Современные проблемы здравоохранения
и медицинской статистики"
Scientific journal «Current problems of health care and medical statistics»
Новости научно-практического рецензируемого журнала
Больше новостей

Диагностика и профилактика преждевременного старения

Геронтология и гериатрия

COGNITIVE-DENTAL SYNDROME AS A NEW TARGET FOR GERIATRIC REHABILITATION

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Summary:
Introduction. Global demographic aging is transforming the structure of morbidity, shifting the clinical focus toward multifactorial geriatric syndromes. Current epidemiological data indicate a persistent bidirectional association between neurodegenerative processes and functional decline in the oral domain. Chronic odontogenic infection and loss of masticatory efficiency not only accompany cognitive impairment but also act as modifiable risk factors for its progression through mechanisms of systemic inflammation and nutritional deficiency. Existing protocols for managing older adults fail to integrate the oral domain into comprehensive geriatric assessment and do not account for the pathogenetic relationship between cognitive decline and dental ill health. This underscores the need to identify the cognitive-dental syndrome (CDS) as an independent target for geriatric rehabilitation. Objective. To substantiate the recognition of cognitive-dental syndrome as an independent target for geriatric rehabilitation based on the findings of a clinical-epidemiological study and to evaluate the efficacy of the developed model of interdisciplinary care. Materials and Methods. A comprehensive clinical-epidemiological study was conducted in 208 patients aged 60–89 years, stratified into two age groups according to WHO criteria: elderly patients (60–74 years, n=132) and senile patients (75–89 years, n=76). The assessment included cognitive status evaluation using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Clock Drawing Test (CDT); emotional status was assessed with the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15); the oral domain was characterized by a set of indices: the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S), the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN), and the DMFT index (Decayed, Missing, Filled Teeth). Based on the obtained data, a model of geriatric care for patients with CDS was developed and implemented. The model comprised three components: an early screening protocol at the initial dental visit, a differentiated management strategy depending on the stage of cognitive impairment, and interdisciplinary collaboration. Results. In senile patients, a statistically significant deterioration was revealed across all components of oral status: the DMFT index increased from 14.9±5.8 to 21.3±8.1 (p2.0) reached 93.4%. Clinically significant cognitive impairment (MMSE elderly group (pe inverse correlation was established between the number of extracted teeth and MMSE scores (r=-0.41; p). Multiple regression analysis confirmed that the number of extracted teeth acts as an independent predictor of depression severity (β=0.32; povement in oral hygiene status (OHI-S decreased from 4.2 to 2.8; p to 9.3; p=0.002), and stabilization of cognitive functions (MMSE increased from 23.8 to 24.5; p=0.048) in the intervention group compared with the control group. Conclusions. Cognitive-dental syndrome meets all criteria of a geriatric syndrome and requires the integration of dental care into the overall geriatric care pathway. The developed model of interdisciplinary care demonstrates clinical efficacy and is ready for implementation in outpatient geriatric and dental practice.
Keywords cognitive-dental syndrome, geriatric rehabilitation, cognitive impairment, periodontal diseases, dementia, geriatrics

Bibliographic reference:
COGNITIVE-DENTAL SYNDROME AS A NEW TARGET FOR GERIATRIC REHABILITATION // Scientific journal «Current problems of health care and medical statistics». - 2026. - №3;
URL: http://healthproblem.ru/magazines?textEn=1950 (date of access: 25.10.2026).

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