The article is devoted to the historical stages of the development of medical statistics in Moscow. Historical parallels between the formation of one of the largest cities of Russia by the city of Moscow with the origin and formation of medical statistics in the country are described and carried out. This review includes the main historical periods: ancient Russia, the Czarist Russia, as well as Soviet and post-Soviet Russia. Considered the contribution of scientists in the formation of medical statistics in the country as a whole, as well as the formation and formation of statistics in Moscow. The main historical periods sent scientists to search for new research in the formation of this science. A literary review shows how difficult the development of medical statistics has been, how many disputes have arisen over methodological approaches to its different sections. Attaching the main importance in the sanitary structure of the statistical study, E.A. Osipov realized that "the normal structure of the Zemstvo medicine should precede and promote sanitary research and not Vice versa." E.A. Osipov believed that "the doctor not only treats, but also registers". Statistics of medical care and the study of morbidity were, as noted by P.I. Kurkin, the most characteristic feature of the areas of work of the Russian Zemstvo sanitary statistics. The purpose of this review is to draw historical parallels between the emergence of the city of Moscow and the development of statistics in the Russian healthcare system. Methods of searching for literature. In writing, the design of the publication was used literary review. The brightest literature reviews by the largest founders of statistics in Russia are considered. For information retrieval, CyberLeninka, RSCI, Scopus, Web of Science databases were used