Prostaglandins - biologically active substances, participating in paracrine and аutocrineregulation andpossessing wide spectrum of physiological effects. Medicationsof prostaglandin Е1 have found the application in the most various areas of medicine: andrology, rheumatology, gastroenterology, cardiology and cardiosurgery. Since 90th years of last century influence studying of alprostadil on a current of a cardiovascular pathology has begun. Short-term and long-term effects of medication are studied at warm insufficiency of a variousaetiology. Distinctive features of alprostadil- a wide spectrum of favorable pharmacological effects on cardiovascular system, longaftereffect. In the literary review are considered aspects of application of prostaglandineЕ1 for heart failure