Introduction. Among the causes of mortality in the Russian Federation, malignant neoplasms (MN) rank second after diseases of the circulatory system. It is important to compare data in various constituent entities of the Russian Federation, to improve the system for recording and analyzing the morbidity and mortality of the population. By order of the Ministry of Health of the Orenburg Region, within the framework of mortality monitoring, since 2018, a module "Medical certificates of death" has been introduced, which makes it possible to in-depth analysis of it within the department. Purpose of the study. Analyze the mortality rate of the population of the Orenburg region from malignant neoplasms on the basis of the data of the module "Medical certificates of death". Material and research methods. The object of the research is the population of the Orenburg region. A continuous study of all deaths in the database of the module "Medical certificates of death" of the MIAC was carried out. class "D". For the analysis, true and standardized mortality rates (SDRs) were calculated. Standardization was carried out by a direct method. The European age structure is adopted as the standard. Results and its discussion. The true mortality rate from malignant neoplasms for all ICD-10 groups was 136.1 per 100,000 population in 2019 and 139.3 cases in 2020, i.e. the coefficients remained practically unchanged. SDR, respectively, amounted to 105.9 and 108.4 cases per 100,000 population. The leading groups of diseases that constituted the class of MN were MN of the digestive system, MN of the respiratory and chest organs, MN of inaccurately designated, secondary and unspecified localizations, MN of the breast, MN of female genital organs, MN of the urinary tract, MN of lymphoid, hematopoietic and related tissues, MN of male genital organs. The ninth place in the structure of mortality from MN in 2019 belonged to MN of the lip, oral cavity and pharynx, and in 2020 - MN of the eye, brain and other parts of the central nervous system. The performed analysis has established comparatively low values of the RMS for all zones in the Orenburg region. This fact is most likely due to the problem of registering and filling out the module by practicing physicians, which is based on the confusion of the concepts of immediate and initial causes of death. Conclusions. 1. True rates of mortality from malignant neoplasms in the Orenburg region in 2019 and 2020. were almost the same and amounted to 136.1 and 139.3 per 100,000 population, respectively. 2. If the age structure of the population of the Orenburg region corresponded to the European standard, then the mortality rate would be significantly lower than the true indicators. Standardized mortality rates were 105.9 and 108.4 cases per 100,000 population in 2019 and 2020. respectively. 3. The module "Medical certificates of death" introduced by the MIAC of the Orenburg region allows for a fairly in-depth analysis of the mortality rate of the population, but there is a problem of confusion of the concepts of immediate and initial causes of death by the doctors who performed the registration, which could affect the results of the analysis and underestimate the real values of mortality rates.