Introduction. Diseases of the colon are a serious health problem. An increase in the number of patients with coloproctological pathology is noted all over the world, including in Russia. Improving the availability of medical care, its effectiveness and quality is the most important direction of developing scientifically based solutions in the process of reforming the healthcare system. The purpose of the work. To evaluate the effectiveness of the use of the bed fund of regional coloproctology departments. Materials and methods. The effective use of the bed fund is the most important problem, which is due to the significant financial, labor and material and technical resources of inpatient medical care. A statistical analysis of the reports of the only inpatient specialized coloproctological department of the health care institution of the State Clinical Hospital No. 2 of the Perm Region for 2018 was carried out. Results and discussion. The conducted research indicates the inefficient use of the bed fund of regional coloproctology departments and allowed us to identify hidden reserves, in particular, the insufficient use of inpatient replacement technologies: an outpatient coloproctology center with a day stay in the hospital. Taking into account the achievements of medical science and practice, by increasing the average number of days of bed use per year (340 days) to the planned indicator and optimizing the average length of stay of patients in a bed, it is possible to increase the efficiency of the use of the bed fund. Improving the quality and economic efficiency of specialized coloproctological care is achieved by transferring a significant amount of medical services provided in hospitals to the outpatient link. The introduction of inpatient replacement technologies in the treatment of coloproctological patients contributes to a more favorable course of the postoperative period, reduces the length of stay of patients on treatment, reduces the material costs of maintaining patients in hospital conditions, reduces the cost of treatment, but, equally importantly, causes an increase in the number of people who want to be operated on according to the plan, and also accelerates the social rehabilitation of patients. Replacing a significant share of inpatient care for coloproctological patients with the services of an outpatient coloproctological center is the main direction of resource-saving medical care for coloproctological patients. Conclusion. The present study shows the need for modernization and ways of developing the coloproctological service at the regional level.