Introduction. In 2017, an estimated 451 million adults worldwide were diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. About 90% suffer from type 2 diabetes mellitus (TDM2), with the highest prevalence among the elderly and senile. The fact of a change in the composite composition of the body is obvious: the loss of skeletal muscle mass and an increase in the percentage of adipose tissue in the body. Sarcopenia is a syndrome characterized by a progressive generalized loss of mass, strength and performance of skeletal muscles. This entails an increased risk of adverse outcomes. The characteristics of the syndrome allow us to consider sarcopenia as a cause and consequence of TDM2. We should not forget about the functional insufficiency of pancreatic β-cells and death associated with TDM2, which can also lead to the development of sarcopenia. Low muscle mass and function in sarcopenia can lead to impaired glucose utilization, reduced metabolic rate and physical activity, which increases the risk of developing T2DM in elderly and senile patients with sarcopenia. Оbjective: to investigate the prevalence of sarcopenia in elderly people with type 2 diabetes. Material and research methods. The analysis of data on the problem under study was carried out. Sources used: PubMed, Elibrary, Scopus, Google scholar, WorldCat. Results. Lifestyle modifications are important to improve and maintain mobility and metabolic health in people with T2DM and sarcopenia. Data on effective and feasible exercise and dietary interventions in the population are lacking. In this review, we discuss the current literature highlighting the bidirectional relationship between T2DM and sarcopenia, highlight current research and treatment gaps, and make recommendations for future research. Conclusion. There are many bidirectional links between T2DM and sarcopenia. And having one condition can increase your risk of developing another. Insulin resistance, chronic inflammation, accumulation of AGEs, increased oxidative stress, and the presence of micro- and macrovascular complications may affect the composite composition of muscle mass. And the pathology of skeletal muscles can contribute to the development and progression of TDM2. Evidence suggests that lifestyle interventions can maintain and improve functional and metabolic health in older patients with T2DM or sarcopenia. There are no data on effective methods of correction in patients with a combination of pathologies. Further studies are needed to treat and prevent the association of T2DM and sarcopenia, the results of which will include an increase in functional independence and quality of life in this category of patients.