Protection of children's health helps to reduce the incidence of malignant tumors, and hence the mortality among children and is an important task of the state. Unfavorable situation is malignant neoplasms in Russia and around the world determines the relevance of the study. The article provides an analysis of morbidity, mortality and cancer care for children's population of the Republic of Bashkortostan in comparison to the all-Russian figures for the last five years (2011-2015 gg.). In the studied region and the Russian Federation in dynamics for 5 years, the growth rates of child morbidity and reduce infant mortality from this disease. Some indicators of the condition of the oncologic help to the population of the Republic of Bashkortostan exceeds the national average. Over the five years of observation observed a negative dynamics of the indicators: reduce the proportion of patients with initial stage of disease and the rising proportion of patients with advanced stage; the increase in mortality in the first year after diagnosis.