Infectious diseases have been known since ancient times. In the twentieth century, smallpox was eliminated, epidemics of plague, cholera, typhoid and typhus were curbed. In the new century, old infections return, new infections appear. The United States uses infectious agents in the development of biological weapons, which poses a threat to the national security of Russia and other countries. The purpose of the study. Analysis of infectious morbidity in our country for 2000-2020. Materials and methods. The analysis of infectious morbidity was carried out on the basis of data from the annual reports of the FSN F. No. 2 "Information on infectious and parasitic diseases"; F. No. 8 "Information on diseases with active tuberculosis"; F. No. 9 "Information on diseases with sexually transmitted infections and infectious skin diseases"; F.No. 12 "Information on the number of diseases registered in patients living in the service area of a medical organization"; f No. 61 "Information on HIV infection". The data of the annual state reports "On the state of sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the Russian Federation", statistical materials of the collections "Socially significant diseases of the population of Russia" and "Medical and demographic indicators of the Russian Federation"; data from the collection "Healthcare in the Russian Federation" were used. The content analysis method was used. Results and discussion. The article presents the statistics of the incidence of infectious diseases in the Russian Federation for the years 2000-2020. The leading place among them in 2020 belongs to SARS (33,331,7 thousand cases), the second place is chickenpox (490,1 thousand cases). The OKI accounted for 115.7 thousand cases. In the structure of the economic damage caused by the 32 most urgent infectious diseases (without tuberculosis and HIV infections), the first places were occupied by the infections listed above. The analysis of airborne infections, intestinal, natural focal and zooanthroponotic, parasitic and socially significant infections, including new coronavirus infection (COVID-19), is given. Conclusions. The analysis of the incidence of infectious diseases in the Russian Federation for 2000-2020 showed a downward trend in most infectious diseases, with the exception of HIV infection and SARS. The pandemic of a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) required the modernization of the infectious service as a strategic one, ready for any epidemic rise in morbidity.