The period of schooling is characterised by the impact of various factors on pupils' health. This involves the study of the influence on the formation of schoolchildren's health, the organization of the educational process as a factor of the intraschool environment and lifestyle as an extracurricular factor. The aim of the study is to assess the risk of influence of intraschool environment and extracurricular factors on schoolchildren's health. Materials and methods. We assessed the conditions of education and upbringing of schoolchildren in 30 general education organizations, and the organization of their nutrition as a lifestyle component. Questionnaires were developed and tested to assess the level of pupils' knowledge on the issues of rational nutrition and formation of a healthy lifestyle. A total of 970 schoolchildren from the Astrakhan region took part in the survey. The data was statistically processed using Microsoft Excel 2007 software. Results. The integral estimation showed that, in 22 schools, the teaching conditions were in conformity with the current sanitary legislation, i.e. there was no risk to the health of the schoolchildren. Risk of a weak degree of severity was identified in 8 educational organizations, where the actual number of students exceeded the design capacity, education was conducted in 2 shifts. The questionnaire survey showed that 78.1% of schoolchildren ate three meals a day, 18.8% ate twice a day, and 3.1% ate less than twice a day. 65.9% of pupils at home and in school canteens had meals, 28.4% indicated the option of "eating only at home", and 5.8% of pupils brought food from home to school. At the same time, schoolchildren and their parents demonstrated an insufficient level of awareness of rational nutrition: half of those surveyed did not consider late supper and more than five hours between meals to be a disadvantage in the organization of meals. The data obtained indicate that even compliance with hygienic requirements in educational institutions does not ensure the absence of risks to the health of schoolchildren formed by extracurricular risk factors related to the habits and knowledge of family members about healthy lifestyle. It is necessary to conduct hygienic education of schoolchildren, especially within the walls of educational institutions. Discussion. The hygiene assessment showed that the school environment is formed in such a way as to minimize the adverse effects of various factors on pupils' health. However, the pupils are exposed to out-of-school factors that are not optimal, as shown by the example of school meals at home. Conclusion. Effective mastering of the skills of a healthy lifestyle requires health education work with students and their hygiene education, as well as the active participation of parents in this process. To improve the effectiveness of hygiene education, preventive work should be carried out among teachers.