Relevance. One of the priorities of the state policy in the field of healthcare and the basic principle of health protection, as well as an integral part of the citizen's right to health protection in the Russian Federation, is to ensure the provision of accessible and high-quality medical care. Ensuring the accessibility of medical care is the most important task of the healthcare system. One of the ways to increase it is the development of public-private cooperation – involving medical organizations of the private healthcare system in the provision of medical care within the framework of the Program of state guarantees of free medical care to citizens. At the same time, the rationale for measures to increase the availability of specialized medical care in the context of public-private interaction has not been sufficiently studied. Purpose of the work. To study the literature data and regulatory legal acts on public-private interaction in the provision of specialized medical care to the population. Materials and methods. A content analysis of the literature and normative legal acts for 7 years devoted to public-private interaction in the provision of specialized medical care to the population has been carried out. In total, 65 sources of literature and regulatory documents were analyzed, including reviews, opinions of experts and politicians, from which 25 sources were selected, according to keywords: private healthcare system; public-private interaction; compulsory medical insurance; availability of specialized medical care. Results and discussions. The analysis of normative legal acts, domestic and foreign publications indicates the interest of states in the development of public-private cooperation in healthcare, as well as the significant attention paid to it in the Russian Federation. At the same time, the authors note an increase in the accessibility and satisfaction of citizens with medical care in conditions of public-private interaction. Despite the topicality of the tasks of ensuring the accessibility of specialized medical care, as well as the development of the institute of public-private interaction in recent years, the issue of a scientifically based assessment of the real effectiveness, the expected benefits for the population, the health care system and the medical organizations themselves of the private health care system, which public-private interaction should bring in the provision of expensive specialized high-tech medical care, today remains a subject of interest for study. The analysis of the system of public-private interaction requires research aimed at assessing the factors affecting the accessibility of specialized medical care to the population in various regions of the country, as well as the development and justification of measures to increase the accessibility of specialized medical care in conditions of public-private interaction. Conclusions. The variability and multifactorial approaches to the distribution of medical care amounts within the framework of public-private interaction constrains the ability to actively influence the availability of specialized medical care to the population. At the same time, the state encourages the development of competition and sets appropriate targets for the authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. It is obvious that the integration of medical organizations of the private healthcare system into the implementation of the territorial programs of state guarantees of free medical care to citizens makes it possible to rationally use the material and human resources of the state healthcare system, optimize the operation of the network of state and municipal medical organizations and thereby increase the availability of high-quality specialized medical care for the population.