Introduction. The increasing prevalence of chronic non-communicable diseases and the need to improve the effectiveness of their prevention are strengthening the role of the general practitioner as a key element of primary health care, especially in the context of the digital transformation of healthcare. Purpose of the investigation. Based on a synthesis of scientific literature and regulatory requirements, to identify and systematize the functions, organizational models, and digital tools that define the role of the general practitioner in the prevention of chronic noncommunicable diseases in the context of the transformation of primary health care. Materials and methods. A systematic review of domestic and international scientific publications and documents included in the unified regulatory framework in healthcare for 2010–2025 was conducted. The bibliographic search was carried out in Russian and international and national databases eLibrary, PubMed/Medline, Google Scholar, as well as on the official websites of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, the World Health Organization, and reference and legal systems for searching for legal acts. Thematic systematization and comparative analysis were used to summarize the data and subsequently analyze it. Results and discussion. It was established that the general practitioner is a key figure in the prevention system. Their functions extend beyond diagnosis and include: 1) comprehensive risk assessment and stratification; 2) organizing and interpreting targeted screening programs; 3) conducting vaccination and motivational counseling; 4) coordinating clinical follow-up using digital tools. The integration of digital technologies (electronic medical records, decision support systems, telemedicine consultations), a multidisciplinary approach, and incentive mechanisms has been shown to improve the coverage and effectiveness of preventive measures. Conclusion. Prevention of chronic noncommunicable diseases is a managed process in which general practitioners play an integrative role. It has been established that the functions of a general practitioner in the prevention of chronic non-communicable diseases include a wide range of structural elements. There is a lack of Russian scientific research on the long-term effectiveness of various prevention models at the level of general practitioners within the conditions of practical activities.